Sinoatrial block

Sinoatrial block
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	I 45.5
ICD-9	426.6
MeSH	D012848

A sinoatrial block is a disease which involves an impairment of conduction at the sinoatrial node. An absent P wave (electrocardiography) on an ECG can indicate sinoatrial block.^[1]

It is possible to use the "Wenckebach" distinction to identifying increasing delays, as is done with second degree AV block.^[2]

References

^ Longmore M et al. Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine. 7th edition. Oxford. OUP. 2007
^ "Lesson VI - ECG Conduction Abnormalities". http://library.med.utah.edu/kw/ecg/ecg_outline/Lesson6/index.html#SA_block. Retrieved 2009-01-07.

External links

Davy JM, Messner-Pellenc P, Leclercq F (1994). "[Electrocardiographic aspects of sinoatrial block]" (in French). Archives des maladies du coeur et des vaisseaux 87 (1 Spec No): 41–6. PMID 7524461.

Cardiovascular disease: heart disease · Circulatory system pathology (I00–I52, 390–429)

Ischaemic

CD/CHD	CAD · Coronary thrombosis · Coronary vasospasm · Coronary artery aneurysm · Coronary artery dissection · Myocardial Bridge

Active ischemia	Angina pectoris (Prinzmetal's angina, Stable angina) · Acute coronary (Unstable angina, Myocardial infarction / heart attack)

Sequelae	hours (Myocardial stunning, Hibernating myocardium) · days (Myocardial rupture) · weeks (Aneurysm of heart/Ventricular aneurysm, Dressler's syndrome)

Layers

Pericardium

Pericarditis (Acute, Chronic/Constrictive) · Pericardial effusion (Hemopericardium, Cardiac tamponade)

Myocardium

Myocarditis (Chagas disease)

Cardiomyopathy: Dilated (Alcoholic) · Hypertrophic · Restrictive (Loeffler endocarditis, Cardiac amyloidosis, Endocardial fibroelastosis)

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia

Endocardium/
valves

Endocarditis	Infective endocarditis (Subacute bacterial endocarditis) · noninfective endocarditis (Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, Libman-Sacks endocarditis)

Valves	mitral (regurgitation, prolapse, stenosis) · aortic (stenosis, insufficiency) · tricuspid (stenosis, insufficiency) · pulmonary (stenosis, insufficiency)

Conduction/
arrhythmia

Bradycardia

Sinus bradycardia · Sick sinus syndrome

Heart block: Sinoatrial · AV (1°, 2°, 3°) · Intraventricular (Bundle branch/Right/Left, Left anterior fascicular/Left posterior fascicular, Bifascicular/Trifascicular) · Adams–Stokes syndrome

Tachycardia
(paroxysmal and sinus)

Supraventricular	Atrial (Multifocal) · Junctional (AV nodal reentrant, Junctional ectopic)

Ventricular	Torsades de pointes · Catecholaminergic polymorphic · Accelerated idioventricular rhythm

Premature contraction

Atrial · Ventricular

Pre-excitation syndrome

Wolff-Parkinson-White · Lown-Ganong-Levine

Flutter/fibrillation

Atrial flutter · Ventricular flutter · Atrial fibrillation (Familial) · Ventricular fibrillation

Pacemaker

Wandering pacemaker · Ectopic pacemaker/Ectopic beat · Parasystole · Multifocal atrial tachycardia · Pacemaker syndrome

Long QT syndrome

Romano-Ward syndrome · Andersen-Tawil syndrome · Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome

Cardiac arrest

Sudden cardiac death · Asystole · Pulseless electrical activity · Sinoatrial arrest

Other/ungrouped

hexaxial reference system (Right axis deviation, Left axis deviation) · QT (Short QT syndrome) · T (T wave alternans) · ST (Osborn wave, ST elevation, ST depression)

Cardiomegaly

Ventricular hypertrophy (Left, Right/Cor pulmonale) · Atrial enlargement (Left, Right)

Other

Cardiac fibrosis · Heart failure (Diastolic heart failure, Cardiac asthma) · Rheumatic fever

M: HRT

anat/phys/devp

noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (C1A/1B/1C/1D), blte

Anatomy of torso, cardiovascular system: heart (TA A12.1, TH H3.09.01, GA 5.524)

General

Surface	base · apex · grooves (coronary/atrioventricular, interatrial, anterior interventricula, posterior interventricular) · surfaces (sternocostal, diaphragmatic) · borders (right, left) · Openings of smallest cardiac veins

Internal	atria (interatrial septum, musculi pectinati, sulcus terminalis) · ventricles (interventricular septum, trabeculae carneae, chordae tendineae, papillary muscle) · valves · cusps · Atrioventricular septum cardiac skeleton Intervenous tubercle

Chambers

Right heart	(venae cavae, coronary sinus) → right atrium (atrial appendage, fossa ovalis, limbus of fossa ovalis, crista terminalis, valve of inferior vena cava, valve of coronary sinus) → tricuspid valve → right ventricle (conus arteriosus, moderator band/septomarginal trabecula) → pulmonary valve → (pulmonary artery and pulmonary circulation)

Left heart	(pulmonary veins) → left atrium (atrial appendage) → mitral valve → left ventricle → aortic valve (aortic sinus) → (aorta and systemic circulation)

Layers

Endocardium	Heart valves

Myocardium	Conduction system: Cardiac pacemaker · SA node · AV node · bundle of His · Purkinje fibers

Pericardial cavity	Pericardial sinus

Pericardium	fibrous pericardium (Sternopericardiac ligaments) · serous pericardium (epicardium/visceral layer) · Fold of the left vena cava

M: HRT

anat/phys/devp

noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (C1A/1B/1C/1D), blte